{"id":66,"date":"2015-09-16T18:54:58","date_gmt":"2015-09-16T18:54:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dominicforest.me\/fed2015\/?p=66"},"modified":"2016-06-01T16:04:53","modified_gmt":"2016-06-01T20:04:53","slug":"mots-caracteristiques-campagnes-anterieures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/dominicforest.me\/fed2015\/2015\/09\/16\/mots-caracteristiques-campagnes-anterieures\/","title":{"rendered":"Quels sont les mots caract\u00e9ristiques des partis dans les campagnes ant\u00e9rieures?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avant d\u2019analyser le discours des partis politiques pour la campagne en cours, nous d\u00e9sirons d\u2019abord regarder ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 dit dans les campagnes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes. \u00c0 partir des plateformes des cinq principaux partis en 2006, 2008 et 2011, nous avons dress\u00e9 la liste des termes caract\u00e9ristiques des formations politiques \u00e0 l\u2019aide du calcul des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Pour consulter notre analyse des r\u00e9sultats, cliquez ici<\/a>.
\nPour en apprendre plus sur le calcul des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s et la m\u00e9thodologie utilis\u00e9e, cliquez ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sultats<\/h2>\n

Le calcul des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s nous donne un score. S\u2019il est positif, le mot est surrepr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans la plateforme du parti. S\u2019il est n\u00e9gatif, le mot est sous-repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans la plateforme du parti. Plus il s\u2019\u00e9loigne de 0, plus la surrepr\u00e9sentation ou la sous-repr\u00e9sentation du mot est significative.<\/p>\n

Pour filtrer les r\u00e9sultats du tableau en ordre croissant ou d\u00e9croissant par parti, cliquez sur l’ent\u00eate des colonnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Mots<\/th>\nBloc qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois<\/th>\nNouveau Parti d\u00e9mocratique<\/th>\nParti conservateur<\/th>\nParti lib\u00e9ral<\/th>\nParti vert<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
agricole<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
aider<\/td>\n-35<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
aller<\/td>\n-42<\/td>\n-24<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n-35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
am\u00e9liorer<\/td>\n-26<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
apprentissage<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
assurer<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bien-\u00eatre<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bloc<\/td>\n1000<\/span><\/td>\n-55<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n-140<\/span><\/td>\n-100<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Canada<\/td>\n-47<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
canadien<\/td>\n-143<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n34<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
carbonique<\/td>\n-8<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
coalition<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
collaboration<\/td>\n-17<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
collaborer<\/td>\n-27<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
collectivit\u00e9<\/td>\n-34<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-11<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
combustible<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
comprendre<\/td>\n-17<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
conservateur<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n63<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cr\u00e9er<\/td>\n-18<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
crime<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
criminel<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9chet<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9fi<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
demander<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9noncer<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9poser<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9put\u00e9<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-18<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
diriger<\/td>\n-24<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dollar<\/td>\n-18<\/td>\n-12<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
eau<\/td>\n-35<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e9mission<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-8<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
emploi<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
enfant<\/td>\n-32<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
engager<\/td>\n-13<\/td>\n122<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
famille<\/td>\n-32<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
f\u00e9d\u00e9ral<\/td>\n89<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-17<\/td>\n-36<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
forcer<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
for\u00eat<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
formation<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
former<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fran\u00e7ais<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
garde<\/td>\n-16<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gouvernement<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n-33<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n-40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gr\u00e2ce<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Harper<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n121<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ignatieff<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
innovation<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
inutile<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jack<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-14<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Layton<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-14<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lib\u00e9ral<\/td>\n-42<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n196<\/td>\n-76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lib\u00e9ration<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
loi<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n-19<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
maladie<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
maritime<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
m\u00e9decin<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mesure<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
meuble<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
milliard<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mondial<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nouveau<\/td>\n-36<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n26<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NPD<\/td>\n-69<\/td>\n263<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-45<\/td>\n-27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nucl\u00e9aire<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
offrir<\/td>\n-20<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
opportuniste<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
opposer<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n-12<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ottawa<\/td>\n81<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-30<\/td>\n-19<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
part<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
parti<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n-32<\/td>\n132<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pauvret\u00e9<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
peine<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
politique<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pr\u00e9f\u00e9rer<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
producteur<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-8<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
projet<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
proposer<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
prot\u00e9ger<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
province<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
provincial<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Qu\u00e9bec<\/td>\n1000<\/span><\/td>\n-51<\/td>\n-37<\/td>\n-150<\/span><\/td>\n-102<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois<\/td>\n1000<\/span><\/td>\n-88<\/td>\n-49<\/td>\n-223<\/span><\/td>\n-157<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
r\u00e9clamer<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
r\u00e9duire<\/td>\n-18<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
r\u00e9\u00e9lire<\/td>\n-24<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n98<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rel\u00e8ve<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
renforcer<\/td>\n-17<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rural<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Saint-Laurent<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sant\u00e9<\/td>\n-52<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sexuel<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
soin<\/td>\n-50<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
solution<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
soutenir<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
soutien<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
souverain<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n-13<\/td>\n-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stephen<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n158<\/td>\n-15<\/td>\n-27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
strat\u00e9gie<\/td>\n-21<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
taxe<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n-6<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tenue<\/td>\n-5<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
travailler<\/td>\n-9<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vert<\/td>\n-94<\/td>\n-20<\/td>\n-26<\/td>\n-10<\/td>\n254<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
victime<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n-1<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n-8<\/td>\n-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vision<\/td>\n-13<\/td>\n-4<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n-3<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Analyse<\/h2>\n

Observons maintenant quels mots sont caract\u00e9ristiques de chaque parti. Comme l\u2019objectif de ce billet est de vous donner un aper\u00e7u des possibilit\u00e9s de cette approche, nous vous pr\u00e9sentons seulement les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s positives ayant un score de 30 et plus. Le tableau complet est disponible plus haut afin que vous puissiez vous-m\u00eames consulter les r\u00e9sultats.<\/p>\n

Bloc qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois<\/h3>\n

\"figure1_bloc\"<\/a>
\nLe nom du parti est largement surrepr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans le sous-corpus, mais il est \u00e9galement sous-repr\u00e9sent\u00e9\u00a0de fa\u00e7on particuli\u00e8re chez les lib\u00e9raux et chez les verts. Il est curieux de trouver des termes qui se rattachent au f\u00e9d\u00e9ralisme au milieu de termes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la th\u00e9matique souverainiste. On peut possiblement en d\u00e9duire que le discours des bloquistes tourne beaucoup autour de cette dualit\u00e9. En avant-derni\u00e8re position, le terme \u00ab\u00a0producteur\u00a0\u00bb est principalement employ\u00e9 au sens de producteur agricole. Nous soulignons que les autres partis en parlent \u00e9galement, car leur score est pr\u00e8s de 0. Finalement, la pr\u00e9sence de \u00ab\u00a0demander\u00a0\u00bb est due \u00e0 une formulation r\u00e9currente dans les plateformes du Bloc qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois : \u00ab\u00a0Le Bloc qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois demande…\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Nouveau Parti d\u00e9mocratique<\/h3>\n

\"figure2_npd\"<\/a>
\nIci aussi, le nom du parti est sp\u00e9cifique pour le sous-corpus. On peut voir que le \u00a0Bloc qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, le Parti lib\u00e9ral et le Parti vert parlent statistiquement moins souvent du NPD, alors que le Parti conservateur en parle de fa\u00e7on normale. La surrepr\u00e9sentation du verbe \u00ab\u00a0engager\u00a0\u00bb chez les n\u00e9o-d\u00e9mocrates est due \u00e0 des formulations r\u00e9currentes utilis\u00e9es dans leurs plateformes :<\/p>\n